Chandrayaan-3's second orbit drop: The vehicle moved closer to the moon: The real test on August 23

The moon's meteorites are of three types: smaller, larger, larger

The bright side of the moon is called pleural  terra while  the black side is called pleural maria

India's Chandrayaan-3 has gone closer to the moon's surface on Wednesday, August 9, 2023. The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has reduced the orbit of Chandrayaan-3 for the second time on August 9. ISRO made the first reduction in the orbit of the spacecraft on August 6.

Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft has left the Earth on July 14, 2023, on a lunar journey. On August 5, chandrayaan-3 spacecraft has successfully entered the moon's orbit. This is India's third Chandrayaan.

Isro sources informed that today on August 9, we have made another further reduction in the orbit of Chandrayaan spacecraft, which is 174 by 1437 kilometers. At this stage, the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft will come into the orbit of only 100 kilometers of the moon. Due to the gradual reduction in the orbit of Chandrayaan-3, the spacecraft  is moving closer and closer to the surface of the moon. 

On August 17, the spacecraft's lander module (LM) and propulsion module (PM) will be separated. At this stage, Vikram Lander will be in the smallest orbit of  100 by 30 km before moving towards the lunar surface. After that, on August 23, it will proceed to land safely on the lunar surface by staying  in an orbit of 100 by 30 kilometers . Vikram Lander will land at any one of the two designated places of the moon's  south  pole at 5:47 pm  on August  23, 2023. 

Vikram  Lander will remain in status quo for four hours continuously.  After four hours , the small door of Vikram Lander   will open and a small ladder will come out of it . With the help of this ladder, Pragyan Rover  will land on the lunar surface. Pragyan Rover is a four-wheeled robotic vehicle . 

Isro's logo (ISRO's symbol)  has been placed on  the wheel of Pragyan   Rover. When the rover  rotates on the lunar surface, the imprint of ISRO's logo will fall on the ground. The rover will click  a photo of this imprint and send it to ISRO on Earth.     

The Pragyan rover will land on the lunar surface and study the atmosphere of the earth's only satellite for one day (14 earth days).  The natural structure of the moon's soil, samples of chemical and mineral elements in it, its scientific analysis will be done and its information  and images  will  be sent to Vikram Lander. Vikram   Lander will then send all  this information and images to chandrayaan-2's orbiter  rotating  exactly 100 kilometers from  the lunar surface. The orbiter will then send all this information and images to ISRO's Deep Space Network at Byalalu near Bengaluru. 

In the propulsion  module of the Chandrayaan-3 spacecraft, there is a scientific instrument called Spectra-Polarimetry of Habitable Planet Earth (SHAPE). Through this device, the spacecraft can move  at a certain angle in the celestial path  from  earth to the moon.

Characteristics of the Bright and Black Side of the  Moon Moon Meteorites are of three types

At this stage, we  will also get specific information about the part of chandrayaan-3 spacecraft's Vikram lander to land on the south pole of the moon.

We earthpeople can see only one side of the moon. The bright and bright  part of the  moon that we   can see is called terra (plural terra) in astronomy. While the back of the moon i.e. the dark or black part is called mer (pleural maria).

Plural maria is the original Latin word and means sea. This Latin word has been adopted by the International Astronomical Association.

This Maria area of the moon is two percent dim and very low. Also, 30 percent of its area is on the south side. In addition, this dim area of the Moon is made up of volcanic lava rocks, i.e., the maria part of the moon has also been proven to contain ferrous iron.

The bright side of the moon is called terra (pleural terra). The region on this  bright side of the moon is about 84 per cent. At the same time, there are also  high altitudes. This bright region of  Terra has the highest number of meteorites.

* The smallest meteorites in this terra region of the moon are two kilometers  deep and 10 kilometers wide.

* The average diameter of larger meteorites on the moon is 20 to 200 kilometers. The diameter of a meteorite called Tyco is 85 kilometers.

 * The largest meteorite on the moon is about 200 kilometers deep. The diameter of the meteorite called Imbrium is 1,100 kilometers.

* Uranium-lead dating and potassium-argon  dating methods are used for exploratory studies of meteorites.